A Lumped-Parameter Equivalent Circuit Model for Perovskite Solar Cells’ S-Shaped I-V Kinks

A lumped-parameter circuit model is proposed to describe the S-shaped I-V characteristics with current kinks exhibited in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The physics-based model represents the electrical effect of the electrode contact interface. A Difference-Microvariation (DM) principle is used to derive the explicit solution of the model, which gives accurate and efficient descriptions for the current kinks of PSCs in a single-piece formula. The good agreement between our proposed model and numerical iteration results or reconstructed experimental data proves its validity. We believe that, the improved model can provide optimization direction for device process. Meanwhile, the proposed DM principle can perform as an efficient and serviceable tool to implement the lumped-parameter model compactly into TCAD simulators of PSCs.