Afro-German Biracial Identity Development

vii Problem Statement 1 Review of the Literature Developmental Models 2 Developmental Models of Biracial Identity Development 3 Ecological Models 5 Ecological Models of Biracial Identity Development 6 Racial Socialization 11 Racial Socialization of Biracial Individuals 12 Value of Cross-Cultural Comparisons 17 Historical Context of People of African Descent in Germany 18 Empirical Research with Afro-German Populations 23 Theoretical Conceptualization 24 Research Questions 25 Method.... 26 Purpose 26 Design 26 Role of the Researcher 27 Sampling & Recruitment of Participants 28 Procedure 31 Data Analysis... ...32 Verification 32 Limitations 33 Themes....... 34 Intersectional Identity 34 Black Identity 35 German/White Identity 36 Disconnect/Denial 37 Positive Internal Coping 38