Color perception difference: white and gold, or black and blue?

It is a common philosophical question as to whether your blue is the same as my blue. The two-tone striped dress shown in Figure 1, which attracted a lot of attention on the Internet, gave us a clear answer: "No." Some people see the dress as blue and black, whereas others insist it's white and gold. So your blue can be my white. Why is it that people looking at the same picture perceive totally different color combinations?