The growth-supporting activity of a retinoidal benzoic acid derivative and 4,4-difluororetinoic acid

Abstract Two synthetic retinoids were examined for their ability to support growth in male vitamin A-deficient rats. One of the compounds, ( E )-4-[2-(5,6,7,8-tetrahydro-5,5,8,8-tetramethyl-2-naphthalenyl)-1-propenyl]-benzoic acid (TTNPB), was found to be highly effective; it was 35-fold more active than all- trans -retinoic acid. Thus, the in vivo results were in agreement with the in vitro activity of this compound published by previous investigators, and support the view that this compound may be useful in determining the molecular mechanism of action of the retinoids. Another analog, 4,4-difluororetinoic acid, was only 12% as effective as retinoic acid. However, the possible instability of this compound and the electronegativity of the fluoro groups prohibited conclusions concerning the biological function of metabolic modification on the 4 position of retinoic acid.