Extreme wave forces and wave run-up on offshore wind- turbine foundations

This paper presents studies of wave run-up and wave forces on offshore wind- turbine foundations. The analyses are based on numerical investigations using a Navier- Stokes solver. The free surface is resolved with a Volume of Fluid technique (VOF). Waves approach the foundation from deep water to shallow water over a slope. This initiates breaking for high waves. The breaking process is shown to have a major influence on the run- up and wave forces.