Síndrome DRESS por carbamazepina

El sindrome DRESS (Drug Rash with Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms) es una reaccion adversa grave a medicamentos. Consiste en una erupcion cutanea, acompanada de fiebre, compromiso multivisceral y eosinofilia. Con una incidencia de 1/10.000 en individuos expuestos a los farmacos implicados y con una mortalidad de un 10%-30% de los casos. Se presenta un caso clinico de una nina de 12 anos, epileptica, que a las 4 semanas de iniciar tratamiento con carbamazepina presenta fiebre y odinofagia, agregando exantema cutaneo con compromiso sistemico. Se realizo diagnostico de sindrome DRESS, con buena respuesta al tratamiento instaurado. El sindrome DRESS es una reaccion adversa grave, potencialmente mortal, cuyo inicio muchas veces se confunde con cuadros virales, por lo que hay que tener presente este sindrome ante un paciente que inicia tratamiento con anticonvulsivantes y desarrolla exantema febril. DRESS syndrome is a severe adverse reaction to drugs. The presentation consists of a skin rash, fever, eosynophilia and multiorganic failure. The incidence is 1/10000 and the mortality rate is between 10 to 30%.A case of a 12 year old epileptic patient who started with fever, sore throat and a skin rash with sistemic compromise after 4 weeks of starting treatment with carbamazepine is presented. DRESS syndrome was diagnosed having a good evolution with the treatment done.DRESS syndrome is a severe adverse reaction, potencially mortal, which can be confused with other causes of skin rash such as viral diseases.Pediatricians should be alert to the symptoms in a children who started taking antiepileptic drugs.