Impacto das intoxicações por antidepressivos tricíclicos comparados aos depressores do “sistema nervoso central”

Os antidepressivos triciclicos (ADT) constituem uma classe de drogas de alta importância toxicologica,porque o uso abusivo dessa substância acarreta alguma sintomatologia ou mesmo risco de vida, pelo facil acesso, em razao do baixo custo, da distribuicao pelo sistema publico de saude e pela prescricao indiscriminada.Este trabalho teve por objetivos avaliar o impacto das intoxicacoes por ADT atendidos em um hospital terciario comparando com as intoxicacoes ocasionadas por outras drogas depressoras do “sistema nervoso central”. Para a realizacao deste trabalho foram avaliados os atendimentos realizados pelo Centro de Assistencia Toxicologica (CEATOX) de Sao Jose do Rio Preto, entre o periodo de 01 de janeiro de 2001 ate 31 de dezembrode 2003, atraves da Ficha de Notificacao do CEATOX. Nesse estudo, de um total de 2950 atendimentos, 123 eram casos de intoxicacao por antidepressivos triciclicos (ADT) e 275 de outras drogas depressoras do“sistema nervoso central” (DSNC) atendidos neste hospital. O ADT mais utilizado foi a Amitriptilina; ja entre os DSNC temos os Benzodiazepinicos (BZD). Houve uma maior internacao por parte dos ADT, com maior tempo de internacao em relacao aos DSNC. Com isso, observamos o significativo impacto que as intoxicacoes pelos ADT causam em termos de atendimento e internacao para o nosso hospital. Concluimos que os beneficios e os riscos da prescricao de ADT, hoje largamente utilizados em varias patologias, precisam ser bem avaliados, e sempre que possivel, a opcao por outros medicamentos com potencial toxicologico menos intenso deve ser feita. A considerably important toxicological class of drugs is the Tryciclic antidepressants (TCA) because thedrug abuse can trigger some complex combined symptoms of a disease or even risk of death; it is easilyattainable; owing to his low cost; it is available at the health public system; and it is widely prescribed. Thisstudy directly aimed at to estimate the poisoning impact by TCA of patients treated at a tertiary hospitalcompared to poisoning caused by other central nervous system depressant drugs. To the completion of thisessay the exams performed by the Center for Toxicological Assistance (CEATOX) of Sao Jose do Rio Preto,from January 1st 2001 to December 31st 2003, were estimated by the Center for Toxicological Assistance(CEATOX) Notification Form. In this study, from a total of 2,950 treated in-hospital patients, 123 werepoisoning cases caused by tryciclic antidepressants (TCA), and 275 from other central nervous systemdepressant drugs. Amytriptiline was the most used Tryciclic antidepressant while among the central nervoussystem depressant drugs the benzodiazepine compounds were the mostly used ones. There was a higherhospitalization rate with tryciclic antidepressants but a higher length of hospitalization related to the centralnervous system depressant drugs. The hospitalization costs to the Unified Health System (SUS) werefurther analyzed indicating that the poisoning costs by tryciclic antidepressants were the same when comparedto central nervous system depressant drugs. And therewith we could see the significant impact that thepoisonings by tryciclic antidepressants caused in relation to medical attendance and hospitalization to ourhospital. It was inferred that the benefits and risks of tryciclic antidepressant prescription, nowadaysextensively used in several pathologies, need to be estimated and whenever is possible, the choice for amedication with a much less intense toxicological potential should be made.