Diversity of electronic states of Nd0.5Sr0.5MnO3 revealed by soft X-ray photoemission

Abstract The electronic states of the Nd 0.5 Sr 0.5 MnO 3 , which shows various electronic phases such as paramagnetic insulator, ferromagnetic metal, and the charge-ordered insulator depending on the temperature, have been revealed by high-resolution Mn 2p–3d resonant photoemission and X-ray absorption spectroscopy. These results indicate the importance of the relationship between electronic states and the Jahn–Teller effect.