Gri freshwater str model and computer program: Overview, validation, and application. Topical report, April 1992-June 1994

The objective of this research was to develop a statistical relationship between concentrations of major ions and acute toxicity responses for three common freshwater organisms. These relationships, Freshwater Salinity Toxicity Relationships (FW STR), can be used to predict the acute toxicity of saline waters and aid in the management of regulated discharges from the gas industry. Laboratory toxicity tests using three common laboratory species (Ceriodaphnia dubia, Daphnia magna, and fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas)) were conducted on over 3,000 combinations of major ions (sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, chloride, sulfate, and bicarbonate).