Soil-Ecological Assessment of the M.I. Kalinin Park Ufa City, Russia

The research was carried out within the conventionally preserved natural territory of the M.I. Kalinin Park (Ufa City, Russia). The soil cover is represented by dark-gray soil and dark-humiclithozems, located under broad-leaved forest (oak, poplar, birch, aspen, maple). In some areas, urbanozems formed in places of intense anthropogenic mechanical impact are noted. It is shown that background dark-gray soils and dark-humiclithozems are characterized by a weakly acidic reaction, an average level of humus content, alkaline hydrolyzable nitrogen, gross and mobile phosphorus, and exchangeable potassium. Also, soils are characterized by favorable agrophysical properties for the growth of plants and trees (density of aggregation, aggregate-structural composition, water resistance, and field moisture). In places of distribution of urbanozems, there is a noted decreased content of humus and nutrients, destruction of the humus-accumulative horizon by the development of water erosion or mixing with mineral horizons, littering with household rubbish. Regarding the content of heavy metals, all soils meet sanitary and hygienic standards, but there is a slight increase in the content of heavy metals in urban areas.