Positive rate and clinical value of microbiological test of different clinical specimens

Objective To explore the positive rate and clinical value of different clinical specimens. Methods a total of 40 960 samples were selected from the microbial inspection department of our hospital from January, 2015 to December, 2018, which were divided into 9 461 samples from January to December, 2015, 9 462 samples from January to December, 2016, 10 668 samples from January to December 2017, and 11 269 samples from January to December, 2018 according to different collection years. All the collected samples were tested in the laboratory of our hospital. The positive ratios of microbiological test in all the clinical specimens of different years were observed and compared. Results In 2015, there were 2 561 blood samples, with a positive rate of 8.0% (204 samples); 1 984 urine samples, with a positive rate of 16.0% (317 samples); 2 353 samples from respiratory tract, with a positive rate of 28.0% (658 samples); 1 741 feces samples, with a positive rate of 12.0% (209 samples); and 822 punctured fluid samples, with a positive rate of 18.9% (155 samples). In 2016, there were 2 602 blood samples, with a positive rate of 14.0% (364 samples); 2 011 urine samples, with a positive rate of 19.1% (385 samples); 2 401 samples from respiratory tract, with a positive rate of 33.1% (795 samples); 1 633 feces samples, with a positive rate of 15.1% (247 samples); and 815 punctured fluid samples, with a positive rate of 21.0% (171 samples). In 2017, there were 2 919 blood samples, with a positive rate of 17.1% (498 samples); 2 392 urine samples, with a positive rate of 21.1% (505 samples); 2 770 samples from respiratory tract, with a positive rate of 38.1% (1 056 samples); 1 845 feces samples, with a positive rate of 16.9% (311 samples); and 742 punctured fluid samples, with a positive rate of 23.5% (174 samples). In 2018, there were 2 996 blood samples, with a positive rate of 19.1% (571 samples); 2 461 urine samples, with a positive rate of 24.1% (593 samples); 2 985 samples from respiratory tract, with a positive rate of 45.9% (1 371 samples); 1 909 feces samples, with a positive rate of 17.8% (340 samples); and 918 punctured fluid samples, with a positive rate of 24.3% (223 samples). According to the analysis results, from 2015 to 2018, the numbers of blood, urine, respiratory, and fecal samples in the hospital increased year by year, with statistical differences between different years (P<0.05). From 2015 to 2018, the positive rates of blood, urine, respiratory, fecal, and puncture fluid samples in the hospital increased year by year, and the positive rates of different clinical samples were significantly different from year to year (P<0.05). Conclusion By analyzing the microbial test results of different periods and clinical specimens in the hospital, we can fully understand the prevalence of pathogenic bacteria in the hospital, and provide more references for clinical diagnosis and treatment. However, in the process of microbial examination of clinical specimens, the quality and accuracy of the examination must be ensured, so as to provide more accurate reference materials for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Key words: Specimen; Microbes; Positive rate; Inspection