Toxicity of malathion at early life stages of the Senegalese sole, Solea senegalensis (Kaup, 1858): Notochord and somatic disruptions
2018
The toxicity of malathion to Solea
senegalensis was studied in a static renewal bioassay for
24, 48 and 72 h, with toxicant concentrations ranging
from 1.56 until 100 µgL-1. The LC50 values of malathion
for 48 and 72-h was 63.5 (95% C.I: 50.83-79.34) and
22.94 (95% C.I: 17.16-30.68) µgL-1 respectively. The
survival of larvae was non-affected by exposure to
malathion at concentrations up to 25 µgL-1 (24 h
NOEC), 6.25 µgL-1 (48 h NOEC) and <1.6 µgL-1 (72 h
NOEC). At the end of the experiment, surviving larvae
from concentrations smaller than the 72h-LC50 were
chosen to study morphological changes during malathion
exposure. Results revealed a strong disruption in the
notochord and trunk musculature integrity as a result of
toxicant exposure. Noticeable changes in the
composition and reduction of collagen fibers from the
perinotochordal connective sheath and perimysium were
clearly detected. The trunk musculature was also altered,
showing a general disorganization of fibers. Moreover,
malathion exposure provoked pericardial and yolk-sac
oedemas and histopathological alterations in some other
organ- systems and tissues (i.e. liver, pancreas,
intestine).
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