Effects of Self-Monitoring interventions in Breast Cancer Patients Suffering from Taste Alterations Induced by Chemotherapy: A randomized, parallel-group controlled trial

Abstract Purpose This study quantitatively evaluates the effect of a randomized self-monitoring interventions on taste alterations in breast cancer patients undergoing outpatient chemotherapy. Methods Thirty-four participants were divided into two groups: a self-monitoring (SMG) group (n=17) and a control group (CG) (n=17). A conceptual framework was developed with reference to the components of self-management, cognitive behavioral therapy, and the concepts of self-monitoring. Interventions were based on this framework. SMGs recorded their taste symptoms as homework and worked with the researcher to set goals and provide feedback four times every three weeks. In the feedback, the researcher actively listened to the SMG about their feelings and coping strategies during the taste change, and gave approval and praise for these. The implementation period was 9 weeks for one participant; the CG provided conventional nursing support. The intervention was evaluated by comparing the items of symptom improvement, quality of life (QOL), and self-efficacy between the groups before and after the start of the intervention using a scale score. Scale scores were also compared for recognition of taste change, concerns during treatment, distress, and impacts on each treatment day. The results SMG was significantly lower than CG for perceived change in taste (p=0.009), and there was an interaction with CG (p=0.008). SMG was also significantly lower than CG in concern scores during treatment (p=0.015). Conclusion This study showed that self-monitoring interventions weakened negative cognition of taste alterations and reduced discomfort. The results suggest that self-monitoring interventions is an effective nursing support for chemotherapy-induced taste alterations.