Poly(2,2’-(2,5-difluoro-1,4-phenylene)dithiophene-alt-naphthalene diimide) synthesized by direct (hetero)arylation reaction for all-polymer solar cells

Abstract The weak donor-strong acceptor polymer acceptors for all-polymer solar cells (all-PSCs) have gained much less attention compared with the typical donor-strong acceptor counterparts. Direct (hetero)arylation polymerization reaction is a rising synthetic method, although most of the naphthalene diimide polymer photovoltaic acceptors have been prepared by classic Stille polymerization. A weak donor-strong acceptor polymer acceptor PNB2F has been successfully designed and synthesized by the two-step direct (hetero)arylation reaction and further applied in all-PSCs. The all-PSC device based on PNB2F and electron-donating polymer PBDB-T gained a PCE of 4.49%. The results demonstrate that direct (hetero)arylation reaction is a promising tool for building efficient polymer acceptors with convenient and low-cost synthesis ideas.