Biotecnologia reproductiva en porcí: estat actual i reptes de futur

Reproductive biotechnology in porcine includes several techniques of analysis of the seminal quality and techniques of assisted reproduction. The main goals are guaranteeing the biological security, allowing the traceability and increasing (or stabilizing) the repductive yield. Among the techniques of analysis of the seminal quality we highlight those of sperm quality (concentration, motility, viability, integrity of membranes and DNA), those of sanitary control (PCR-RT for the detection of virus and bacteria) and those of determination of fertilizing ability and osmotic resistance. Among the assisted reproduction techniques, there is artificial insemination (cervical, postcervical and intrauterine), in vitro fertilization, intracytoplasmic injection of spermatozoa, embryonic vitrification, non surgical embryonic transfer, sperm cryopreservation, spermatozoa and embryos sexing, reproductive and therapeutic cloning, and transgenity.