Obtención de plantas del cultivar híbrido de plátano ‘FHIA-21’ (Musa AAAB) a partir de líneas celulares embriogénicas

This investigation had as objective to obtain plants of plantain hybrid cultivar ‘FHIA-21’ ( Musa AAAB) from embryogenic cell lines. For this study cell lines of callus were established with embryogenic structures formed of immature male flowers. The results showed differences among the lines during the phase of multiplication of the embryogenic cell suspension. The same ones were showed in the cellular growth. The vitality of the embryogenic cluster cells oscillated between 99.7 and 100% without statistic differences among the studied lines. The influence of the cell line was observed in the germination of the somatic embryos, the cell line number two presented the biggest number of germinated embryos. When concluding the experiments a total of 8 230 plants of the studied cell lines were obtained. These cell lines adapted to ex vitro conditions at greenhouse with high percentages of survival and some phenotypic changes were observed in less than 1.0% of the total of plants. The necessity of keeping in mind the factor cell line for the obtaining of plants of cultivar hybrid ‘FHIA 21’ by somatic embryogenesis was proven. Key words: cell line, germination, phenotypic changes, somatic embryonic