Вентиляционная и газообменная функции легких у больных с локальными формами туберкулеза легких

Summary. The aim of the study was to evaluate pulmonary function in patients with local forms of pulmonary tuberculosis. Ninety three patients with pulmonary tuberculosis and lesion extension ≥ 3 lung segments according to results of lung computed tomography (CT) were included in the study, of them, 21 patients with pulmonary infiltrates, 44 patients with tuberculoma, and 28 patients with cavitation. Spirometry, body plethysmography, measurement of single-breathe diffusion capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide were performed in all the patients, additionally, perfusion scintigraphy of the lungs was performed in subgroup of 31 patients. Only 21 patients (23 %) had airflow limitation; 24 patients (26 %) had lung hyperinflation with residual volume 140 to 199 % pred. Most of patients (87 %) had reduced lung diffusion capacity; 6 patients with normal diffusion had decreased transfer-coefficient. Spearman's correlation analysis showed significant relationship between ventilation disorders and morphological features of lung lesions in CT scans. Diffusion capacity was significantly associated with morphological disorders of the lungs and with pulmonary capillary blood flow disorders according to perfusion scintigraphy results.