Anti-inflammatory components of Chrysanthemum indicum flowers

Abstract One new octulosonic acid derivative, chrysannol A ( 1 ), along with 17 known compounds ( 2 – 18 ), were isolated from Chrysanthemum indicum flowers. Their structures were determined from 1D NMR, 2D NMR, HR-ESI-MS spectral data, and comparisons with previous reports. The effects of these compounds on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) production by RAW 264.7 cells were investigated. Compound 8 showed the highest inhibition of NO production of 46.09% at a concentration of 10.0 μM. Compounds 7 , 10 , 11 , and 16 inhibited TNF-α secretion at all concentration tested (0.4, 2.0, and 10.0 μM), with inhibition values ranging from 22.27% to 33.13%. In addition, compound 8 and 9 decrease COX-2 and iNOS protein on Western blot analysis in dose dependent manner.