Formic acid poisoning-A case report
2018
Formic acid is a critical ingredient in the rubber industry. Formic acid in combination with
latex can be used in the production of rubber sheets. Production of rubber sheetsis
achieved by reducing the water content of milk-like latex after the addition of formic acid.
Availability of formic acid is high in regions such as Dakshina Kannada district of
Karnataka and northern districts of Kerala along India’s western coastline. Easy
availability of formic acid is due to the presence of rubber plantations and its related
industries there. Herein the death of elderly male as a result of formic acid is discussed.
The manner of death was suicidal. A post-mortem examination revealed chemical burns of
a corrosive nature over the lower part of the face. Internally the mucosa from the
oesophagus till the proximal small intestine showed greyish-black coloured corrosive
chemical burns. Also, the rectus sheath, the external surface of the liver, spleen and
omentum were also discoloured black. Histopathology findings included dilatation and
congestion of blood vessels of the oesophageal sub-epithelium, sloughing of the gastric
mucosa, small intestinal mucosa ulceration and fat necrosis of the omentum.
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