Long‐term results of modified graciloplasty for sphincter replacement after rectal excision

Objective  Restoration of the anal sphincter by means of electrically stimulated (dynamic) graciloplasty is a new therapeutic option for patients with severe faecal incontinence or those having abdomino-perineal resection (APR) of the anorectum. The present study reviews the outcome of total anorectal reconstruction (TAR) after APR for low rectal cancer or recurrent anal cancer. Methods  From 1992 to 2000, 35 of 64 patients treated with dynamic graciloplasty had a TAR performed either synchronously (n = 26) or as a secondary procedure one to five years after rectal excision (n = 9). Results  The most frequent complication was injury or erosion of the neorectum (n = 9) which, was avoided with increasing surgical experience. Defaecation disorders and consequent incontinence were the most common functional problem and had to be treated with periodical enemas. Conclusion  Although sphincter replacement by means of TAR after APR led to poorer functional results than those achieved in patients treated with dynamic graciloplasty for faecal incontinence, TAR remains a valid treatment option for patients who do not tolerate a permanent stoma.