Characteristics of horizontal gas-liquid two-phase flow measurement in a medium-sized pipe using gamma densitometry

Abstract Two-phase flows are common occurrences in many industrial applications. The understanding of their characteristics in industrial piping systems is vital for the efficient design, optimization, and operation of industrial processes. Most of the previous experimental studies involving the use of gamma densitometers for holdup measurements in air-water mixtures are limited to smaller diameter pipes (generally regarded as those with