Arsenic Exposure and Cardiovascular Disease: Evidence Needed to Inform the Dose-Response at Low Levels

Purpose of Review Epidemiologic and experimental evidence support that exposure to moderate-to-high arsenic (As) is a cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factor. Little is known, however, on the cardiovascular effects of low water As exposure (< 10 μg/L) through diet, particularly rice. The goal is to summarize the evidence on As and CVD and the research needs at low levels of exposure.