CHAPTER 21:Conclusions and Recommendations

In this concluding chapter, we employ the Holistic Arms Control framework as a means of analysing the contributions of the preceding chapters and synthesising them into a proposed integrated approach which would prioritise the most appropriate and effective mechanisms to address the threats arising from the rapid advances in relevant science and technologies. Given the central importance of the Chemical Weapons Convention and the accompanying implementation and verification regime, the chapter will highlight recommendations for both States and civil society to strengthen OPCW action in these areas, at the Fourth Review Conference and beyond.