175 – Management of Lipid Metabolism

Publisher Summary This chapter focuses on the management of lipid metabolism in the body. Multiple studies have demonstrated that elevations in serum lipoprotein (a) levels and intermediate-density lipoproteins concurrent with decreased high-density lipoprotein levels even in subjects with normal cholesterol and triglyceride levels are major risk factors for ischemic cerebrovascular disease. Hypertension, history of tobacco use, blood lipids, alcohol consumption, and history of cardiac disease present the greatest opportunity for intervention to prevent brain ischemia due to cerebral atherosclerosis. Risk factor modification is the most effective and cost-efficient method of treating cerebrovascular atherosclerosis. Individuals at high risk for ischemic cerebrovascular events are well served by modifications in lifestyle such as termination of smoking, moderating alcohol intake, and assuming a health conscious diet. The initial treatment of elevated cholesterol and LDL levels should begin with dietary therapy. The results of dietary modification have been much more consistent when a professional dietitian has been involved in the counseling. Effective dietary modification not only lowers LDL intake but can also help to reduce obesity which is associated with other risk factors for atherosclerosis such as hypertension and diabetes.