In-situ infrared spectroscopy as a non-invasive technique to study carbon sequestration at high pressure and high temperature

Abstract Storage of carbon dioxide in geological formations involves changes in wettability to the host formation during injection and ultimately the formation of inorganic carbonates through mineral trapping. Sequestration locations will be at high pressure and high temperature, thus providing a challenging environment for in-situ study. However, infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) with the use of photons is not limited in temperature or pressure and therefore is applicable to study chemical changes to minerals occurring during carbon sequestration. Through the commission of a high pressure/high temperature in-situ FTIR cell and the subsequent spectroscopic following of carbonation reactions in synthesised silicate mineral analogues, we document fundamental chemical changes occurring at the nanoscale during carbon storage. Speciation, coordination of carbonate ions to the surface of silicate mineral analogues and changes in surface hydroxyl coverage are observed and discussed, in the context of CO 2 injection and dissolution/mineralisation reactions of reservoir silicate minerals.