Performance of Microstrip Patch Antennas Embedded in Electromagnetic Band-Gap Structure

Electromagnetic band-gap structures are widely used in antenna and microwave element designs due to their unique electromagnetic features which are shown in two aspects: forbidden band gap and in-phase reflection. In this paper, three different antennas are designed and simulated by Ansoft HFSS to know the use of the EBG structure in microstrip antenna engineering. Radiation characteristics such as gain, radiation patterns and s-parameters of these microstrip antennas are performed. The simulated results verify that the gain has been increased noticeably, the radiation pattern has been improved and the sidelobe and backlobe levels have been reduced by using the mushroom-like EBG structures. Especially, the microstrip antenna over the EBG structures not only shows the best electromagnetic characteristics but also maintains its small dimensions.