Аутофагия как механизм защиты при окислительном стрессе
2019
Autophagy is the main catabolic process required for the removal of damaged organelles, aggregated
proteins and intracellular pathogens from cells. Oxidative stress is accompanied by an increase in
autophagy, which has a protective effect by maintaining the qualitative composition of mitochondria
(mitophagy) and peroxisomes (pexophagy) followed by lysosomal degradation of organelles with high
production of reactive oxygen species. Aggrephagy also removes toxic products formed during oxidative
and carbonyl stress. Furthermore, autophagy can activate the antioxidant response element system and
increase the expression of antioxidant enzyme genes. The protective role of autophagy can be useful in
many pathological processes accompanied by the development of oxidative stress while at the same time
it may cause chemoresistance, reducing the effectiveness of anti-tumor therapy.
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