Intraoperative Tips and Tricks for Successful Sacral Neuromodulation

Purpose of Review Sacral neuromodulation (SNM) is an effective, minimally invasive treatment for refractory overactive bladder, non-obstructive urinary retention, and fecal incontinence. Although the treatment is 80% successful, optimal outcomes over time are achieved only by applying precise surgical technique. In this review, we will present the surgical technique for optimal SNM documented in the literature, as well as provide tips for ideal placement based on the authors’ experience.