Rabies Virus-Inspired Metal-Organic Frameworks for Targeted Imaging and Chemotherapy of Glioma.

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) restricts access to the brain of more than 98% of therapeutic agents and is largely responsible for treatment failure of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Therefore, it is of great importance to develop a safe and efficient strategy for more effective drug delivery across the BBB into the brain. Inspired by the extraordinary capability of rabies virus (RABV) to enter the central nervous system, we report the development and evaluation of the metal-organic framework-based nanocarrier MILB@LR, which closely mimicked both the bullet-shape structure and surface functions of natural RABV. MILB@LR benefited from a more comprehensive RABV-mimic strategy than mimicking individual features of RABV and exhibited significantly enhanced BBB penetration and brain tumor targeting. MILB@LR also displayed superior inhibition of tumor growth when loaded with oxaliplatin. The results demonstrated that MILB@LR may be valuable for GBM targeting and treatment.