Biocompatibility of Ionic Liquids with Enzymes for Biofuel Production

This chapter focuses on the application of enzyme technology in non-aqueous green solvents as ionic liquids (ILs) to transform biomass, mainly non-edible biomass (e.g. cellulose, lignocellulose, wood, forest residues, etc.), into fermentable monomeric compounds, and low cost vegetable oils or animal fats in biodiesel. This review aims to identify the key parameters that determine the biocompatibility of ionic liquids with enzymes for the rational design of ionic liquid-based formulations in biocatalysis for biofuel production.