Speed-Related Surrogate Measures of Road Safety Based on Floating Car Data

To overcome limitations of crash-based analyses of road safety, researchers are looking for surrogate measures of safety. Floating car data (FCD, or probe vehicle data) provides opportunities to extract such measures. The goal of this review is to identify challenges and opportunities regarding using FCD to develop surrogate measures of safety. Specific focus was placed on most frequent speed-related indicators (speed, acceleration, jerk) and their sampling rate, study size, reliability and validity. The review indicated several remaining knowledge gaps; nevertheless, with the current rate of technology development and research, many of these gaps are likely to be resolved quickly. The main conclusion is that nature, benefits and limitations of different FCD sources need to be carefully understood and considered before adopting FCD to derive surrogate measures of safety. Further research and development opportunities exist in the subject area.