Multiple-diffraction expansion for intermediate-energy reactions

A multiple-diffraction expansion for heavy-ion reactions is constructed in which the leading term is Glauber's phenomenological multiple-diffraction amplitude. This is achieved with the help of a pseudopotential between elementary particles in ions which in the Glauber approximation gives the empirical elementary scattering amplitude. The leading corrections to Glauber's phenomenological amplitude include (i) a wave-spreading term of Wallace, (ii) an internal-excitation term of Hahn, (iii) a pseudopotential term which contains effects of wave spreading and zero-point motion of bound particles in ions, and (iv) a Pauli term for antisymmetrizing two clusters of identical fermions. Explicit expressions for these corrections are given in the impact-parameter representation. The nature of these corrections is briefly discussed.