Transmembrane Ca 2+ gradient and human erythrocyte cell skeleton

The cytosolic free Ca~(2+) in erythrocytes is around 10~(-6) mol/L, whereas the extracellularCa~(2+) concentration is about 10~(-3) mol/L. Thus it results in 1000-fold transmembraneCa~(2+) gradient across erythrocyte membrane. Our previous results have shown that