Frecuencia de tromboembolismo venoso en pacientes hospitalizados con cáncer. Factores de riesgo y eficacia de la tromboprofilaxis farmacológica

The medical records of 366 patients were reviewed. Fifty three percenthad a digestive cancer, 19% lung cancer, 10% breast cancer and 18% had a tumor of otherorigin. In 77%, the tumor was in an advanced stage. The most common admission diagnoseswere pneumonia, vomiting and dehydration, gastrointestinal bleeding and urinary infection.In 125 patients (34%) pharmacological thrombo-prophylaxis was not used and 242 (66%)received regular or low molecular weight heparin. VTE was detected in 11 patients (3%) andwas significantly more common among patients not receiving thrombo prophylaxis comparedto those receiving heparin (6.4% and 1.2%, respectively, p =0.014). Factors associated to VTEwere a history of previous VTE with an odds ratio (OR) of 12.9 (p <0.01), obesity with an OR of13.3 (p <0.01), recent chemotherapy with an OR of 6.9 (p =0.01). The use of pharmacologicalthromboprophylaxis had an OR of 0.24 (p =0.05).