Depression and anxiety in patients with diabetes in a Moroccan region

Abstract Aims To estimate prevalence of anxiety and depression in patients with diabetes mellitus and identify their determinants. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted at Hassan II University-Hospital of Fes in 2019–2020. Anxiety and depression were measured by using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Multivariate analysis by logistic regression was used to determine factors associated with depression and anxiety, adjusting for confounding factors. All statistical analyses were conducted using EPIINFO7. Results A total of 243 diabetics were included in the study. The average age of the participants was 48.07 ± 14.25 years, 58% were females and 72% were diagnosed with diabetes type II. The prevalence of depressive symptoms and anxiety symptoms was (18, 1%, CI95% = (13–23)) and (29.6%, CI95% = (24–35)), respectively. The prevalence of depression and anxiety was higher among women than man and increases with increasing duration of the disease. In multivariate analysis, illiterates (OR = 3.19, CI95% = (1.46–6.98)), those with depression (OR = 3.61, CI95% = (1.78–7.32)), and type 1 diabetics (OR = 3.22, CI95% = (1.44–7.21)) are a higher risk of developing anxiety. Depression was associated with older age (OR = 2, 65, CI95% = (1, 14–6, 14)), use of insulin (OR = 3.77 CI95% = (1.50–9.44)) and anxiety symptoms (OR = 4, 27, CI95% = (2, 05–8, 91)). Conclusion High prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms in diabetics suggests consideration of psychological aspect in implementation of diabetes managing program.