Analysis of Various Symbol Detection Techniques in Multiple-Input Multiple-Output System (MIMO)

Wireless communication is the fastest growing area of the communication industry. To keep swiftness with the indefinite increase in customers’ demands and expectations, and the market competition among companies for the services offered ,there is need for higher data rate along with reliable communication at low cost so that the applications can reach all. Until now, many technical challenges remains in designing robust and fast wireless systems that deliver the performance necessary to support emerging applications, due to the fact that wireless channel is frequency selective, power-limited, susceptible to noise and interference. Demand for high data rate and increasing applications offered by a wireless device calls for an effective method. Due to limit on the available bandwidth, there is a need for exploiting the available bandwidth in a way so that we get maximum advantage. Multiple-Input Multiple-Output system does exactly this thing by multiplying the data rate without any expansion in the bandwidth. This system utilizes the spatial diversity property of the multi channel system. The reliable transmission requires symbols to be effectively recovered at the receiving end. V-BLAST detection technique is employed for this purpose. This paper depicted the advantages of using multiple antennas by exploiting signal diversity offered by multipath effect and the system offers high spectral efficiency.