Mature cystic teratoma in a 5-year-old girl presenting as urinary frequency: A case report

Ovarian tumors are rare in children. Their incidence is estimated to be about 2.6 cases per 100,000 girls per year. About 1/3 of all childhood ovarian tumors are reported to be malignant. Germ cell tumors are more frequent than epithelial and sex cord stromal tumors in children and teratoma is the most common germ cell tumor occurring in children. In most cases, the presenting symptoms in childhood included abdominal pain, an abdominal mass, abdominal distention and so on. These non-specific symptoms and low incidence lead to suspicions of more common diseases, so the diagnosis of ovarian masses in childhood is difficult. We experienced a rare case of mature cystic teratoma in a 5-year-old girl with urinary frequency without abdominal discomfort despite the large size. The pre-operative magnetic resonance imaging finding showed unusual characteristics, rising suspicion of malignancy. So, we present this case with a brief review of literature.