Effect of oral supplements on the nutritional status of nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients undergoing concurrent chemotherapy: A randomized controlled Phase II trial.

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to prospectively compare individualized dietary counseling with or without oral nutritional supplements (ONSs) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients undergoing concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) in a Phase II, randomized trial. Materials and Methods: Between June 2014 and August 2016, Stage II–IVb NPC patients were randomly enrolled. The primary endpoint was change in body weight between during CCRT, and the secondary endpoints were change in body mass index (BMI) and fat-free mass index (FFMI). Results: Fifty-two patients were randomized; 19 patients in the control group and 23 in the ONS group were eligible for analysis. Weight, BMI, and body composition parameters significantly decreased from baseline to week 6. FFMI was significantly better in patients with ONS intake >2/3 planed than the control group (P = 0.028). Weight and BMI maintenance was slightly better in patients with total intake >2/3 planed (P = 0.170 and P= 0.229, respectively). The mean Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment score was also better in the ONS group at the end of CCRT (P = 0.053). Conclusions: ONSs with individualized dietary counseling may be beneficial in patients with enough intake, and further prospective studies with large groups of patients are warranted.