A study to find out association between blood group and lipid profile

Background: In transfusion science, ABO blood group system is the most important blood group system. Numerous studies show that certain types of diseases are more common in certain blood groups such as tuberculosis is more common in Type O and Plasmodium vivax infection is more common in Type A and O blood group. Aims and Objectives: As cardiovascular diseases and lipid profile are strongly associated with genetic predisposition it may be possible to differentiate and quantify the possibility of heart problem in certain blood groups compared to others. Materials and Methods: A total of 50 cases in time span of 1 month have been included in this study. Prior Indian Ethics committee approval was taken and information sheet was provided to subjects about this study. On voluntary consent, subjects’ 0.5 ml venous blood was collected aseptically and lipid profile parameters such as serum cholesterol, serum triglycerides, direct high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), direct low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), Choles./HDL-C ratio, LDL-C/HDL-C ratio, and Very LDL cholesterol were measured using autoanalyzer instrument. All healthy male and female subjects above 18 years were included in the study. Data analysis was done by MedCalc v18.6 and single factor ANOVA was applied for various lipid profile parameters. Results: Out of 50 cases, the majority are B positive and O positive blood group with 18–14 cases, respectively each. In the present study, mean and standard deviation of LDL (in mg/dl) of A positive blood group is 88.49 ± 20.17. Similarly for B positive blood group, mean and its standard deviation are 104.82 ± 29.85. Furthermore, for B negative its 127.06 ± 25.13 and A negative its mean 84 and for O positive, its mean and standard deviation is 102.39 ± 19.24. Applying single factor ANOVA in MedCalc v18.6 various blood group system gives P value at 0.135. Conclusion: Out of 50 cases, 46 have Rh positive and 4 are Rh negative. Out of 46 Rh positive, 30 were male, and 16 were female. Out of 4 Rh negative, 2 were male and 2 were female. On applying single factor ANOVA for finding an association between blood group types and lipid profile, P value was found to be >0.05. Thus, no association was found between blood group type and lipid profile parameters.