Germination and accumulation of metabolites in legume seedlings grown under salt stress

The effects of salinity on the physiological behavior of seeds, leaves and stems of five legumes were evaluated to identify early criteria for selection of salt-tolerant plant species. Four levels of salinity (0, 50, 100 and 200 mM NaCl) were tested. After 4 weeks, three sets of 7 plants were taken from each culture medium to evaluate the lipid, protein and proline contents. Thus, the NaCl supply resulted in a significant decrease in the contents in lipids and germination rate in all species studied. However, this depressive effect of salt was more marked in the two sensitive glycophytes (Phaseolus vulgaris and Glycine max); their germination rate being greatly slowed down from 3 g / l of NaCl with critical thresholds of inhibition to germination at 9 and 12 g / l of NaCl respectively. However, this critical threshold was above 21 g / l for Mucuna poggei (optional halophyte), Phaseolus adenanthus (halophyte) and Vigna unguiculata (moderately tolerant glycophyte). The depressive effect of salt was less marked on stem height growth in P. adenanthus, M. poggei and V. unguiculata except in the latter two species at 200 mM. Salt intake resulted in protein and proline accumulation in the leaves of M. poggei, P.  adenanthus and V. unguiculata compared with G. max and P. vulgaris. Germination rate and protein accumulation and leaf proline could be used as early criteria for selection of salinity tolerant legumes. In vitro, the effects of NaCl concentrations on physiological behavior of seeds, leaves and stems of five leguminous plants were evaluated. Plants were submitted to 4 levels of salt stress at the roots (0, 50, 100 and 200 mM NaCl). After four weeks, lipids, proteins and proline are randomly sampled plants. Results showed that sodium chloride had an undergoing effect on growth of stems and seed germination of the species studied. The germination rates of Glycine max and Phaseolus vulgaris (sensitive glycophytes) were affected from 3 g / l of NaCl, with critical thresholds at 9 and 12 g / l respectively. In contrast, critical thresholds with Mucuna poggei (optional halophyte), Vigna unguiculata (moderately tolerant glycophyte) and P. adanthus (natural halophyte) were found to be above 21 g / l. The reduction of In this study, we observed that mutagenesis was observed in M. poggei and V. unguiculata this inhibition was observed when nutrient solutions were enriched with 200 mM. The lipid content was reduced in all the species, and was significantly increased in the tolerant species (M. poggei, P. adanthus, and V. unguiculata). In contrast, proteins and leaf proline were negatively affected by salt concentration to G. max and P. vulgaris. Seed germination, proteins and proline could be used as physiological criteria for salt tolerant leguminous plants