Profils Épidémiologiques et Cliniques des Urgences ORL Infantiles à l’Hôpital National Ignace Deen (CHU de Conakry).

RESUME Introduction. Les urgences ORL de l’enfant exigent un diagnostic et une prise en charge precoce. En Guinee la frequence de ces affections est mal connue. Le but de cette etude etait de decrire le profil epidemiologique et clinique des urgences ORL infantiles dans le Service ORL de l’hopital national Ignace Deen du CHU (Centre Hospitalier Universitaire) de Conakry. Patients et methodes. Nous avons effectue une etude prospective de type descriptif d’une duree de 06 mois. Les donnees sociodemographiques et cliniques de 159 enfants ont ete recueillies a l’aide d’un questionnaire anonyme, structure et analysees a l’aide du logiciel Stata Version 13, StataCorp, College, Texas. Resultats. Les urgences ORL de l’enfant representaient 17,3% des admissions du service ORL. L’âge moyen des enfants etait de six ans avec une predominance masculine (52,2%). 54,1% etaient recus plus de 72 heures apres le debut des symptomes. Les principaux motifs de consultation etaient l’otalgie (85,5%) et la fievre (74,8%). Le diagnostic etait domine par les urgences relatives (87,4%) contre 11,9% d’urgences absolues. Les principales circonstances de survenue des urgences absolues etaient les accidents de la voie publique (47,4%), les accidents de jeux (26,3%). Les urgences relatives etaient decouvertes de facon fortuite dans 85,6% des cas. Les pathologies infectieuses, les corps etrangers etaient les principaux diagnostics observes. Conclusion. Les urgences ORL infantiles sont relativement frequentes dans notre contexte. Elles sont dominees par les urgences relatives qui regroupent les pathologies infectieuses et les corps etrangers. Elles surviennent de facon fortuite ou a la suite d’un accident domestique. ABSTRACT Introduction. Pediatric ENT emergencies require early diagnosis and management. In Guinea, the frequency of these diseases is largely unknown. The aim of this study was to describe the epidemiological and clinical profile of infant ENT emergencies in the ENT Department of the Ignace Deen Hospital, Conakry University Hospital. Patients and methods. This was a prospective, descriptive study of six months duration. The sociodemographic and clinical data of 159 children were collected using an anonymous structured questionnaire and analyzed using Stata software version 13, StataCorp, College, Texas. Results. Pediatric emergencies accounted for 17.3% of ENT admissions. The median age of children was six years with a male predominance (52.2%). 54.1% of children were seen on hospital more than 72 hours after onset of symptoms. The main reasons for consultation were otalgia (85.5%) and fever (74.8%). The diagnosis was dominated by relative emergencies (87.4%) versus 11.9% absolute emergencies. The main reasons for the occurrence of absolute emergencies were road traffic accidents (47.4%) and gambling accidents (26.3%). Relative emergencies were discovered incidentally in 85.6% of cases. Infectious diseases, foreign bodies were the main diagnoses observed. Conclusion. Pediatric ENT emergencies are relatively frequent in our context. They are dominated by relative emergencies that combine infectious pathologies and foreign bodies that occur accidentally or as a result of a domestic accident.