Optimization of Extraction conditions of the Polyphenols, Flavonoids and the Antioxidant activity of the plant Ammosperma cinereum (Brassicaceae) through the Response Surface Methodology (RSM)

This work focuses on the optimization of the extraction conditions, to extract the maximum polyphenols (TPC), flavonoids (TF) and for optimal antioxidant activity by the response method to (RSM) areas, from the aerial part of Ammosperma cinereum. Independent variables considered are: the methanol percentage (X1: 60–100%), temperature (X2: 20–60°C) and the extraction time (X3: 20–100 min). Results of ANOVA showed that the proportion of methanol, the temperature and duration of extraction affected TPC and TF, while the antioxidant activity was affected only by the methanol rate. The experimental data were well adjusted by polynomial models of the second order with R2 = 0.986, 0.962 and 0.985 for TPC, TF and I% respectively (p <0.005). In addition, there's a close relationship between the predicted and experimental values. The optimum conditions for the highest performance of TPC (34.16 ± 0.24 mg EAG/g of extract), TF (29.37 ± 1.09 mg ER/g of extract) with 64.82% (± 0.26) of the antioxidant activity were obtained X1 = 93.1%, X2 = 36.9° C and for X3 = 66.8 min.