Sustainability of fisheries and aquaculture in context of emerging climate change issues

At present the global milieu is extremely susceptible to the effects of climate change typically the fisheries sector owing to its economics, diets and social dependencies on fisheries and climate change is exerting an extra pressure over the many folds (fishing pressure, loss of habitat, pollution, disturbance and introduced species) and the fish stocks all over the world have already experienced the adversities. Besides, temperature rise, amplified irregularities in the rainfall pattern and frequency and harshness of life-threatening occurrences, upsurges of precipitation, tremendous flooding and salinity intrusions may have an undesirable impact on aquatic biota as well as fish. The utmost imperative effects of climate change in fisheries sector are – destruction of habitat, alteration of habitat conditions, disease outburst, obstacle in migration routes, hindrance in reproduction and finally reduced production. In Bangladesh climate changes also distresses the Sundarbans, the world largest mangrove forest, occasioning the damage of nursery ground of many marine fish species and also eradicate them. This will certainly bring about the loss in rural household income, distress our food security and level of poverty by uplifting adversity on fisheries production, unemployment and cut-off the supply of dietary nutrition, exerting extreme hazard to the existence of many species, imbalance in ecosystems, rise in mortality rates which may threaten the viability of the fisheries production henceforth and the financial feasibility of fisheries production systems. For sure that climate change has already created a strong demand of adapting accessible technologies and generating new ones to withstand the fisheries sector. In addition, Government also needs to emphasize on research and development of new technologies to lessen the impacts of climate change and sustain the fisheries sector as well.