Subway tunnel duct piece dislocation detecting system and detecting method

The invention relates to a subway tunnel duct piece dislocation detecting system and detecting method. The detecting system comprises a vision detecting system and a mechanical alignment system. The vision detecting system comprises a lighting device, a kinect camera, an RFID ultrahigh frequency reader-writer, a posture sensor, a battery module and a tablet personal computer. The mechanical alignment system comprises a first servo direct current motor, a fixing end rod, a telescopic rod, a second servo direct current motor, a straight vertical rod, a detecting trolley body and strengthening ribs. The method comprises the steps that firstly, rough alignment is carried out on the mechanical alignment system; secondly, precise alignment is carried out on the tail end of the telescopic rod according to a depth graph collected by the vision detecting system; thirdly, in the detecting process, the posture sensor detects the inclination angle of the detecting trolley body, the tail end of the telescopic rod is corrected and adjusted in real time, and precise alignment is achieved; fourthly, the detected duct piece position where the dislocation height difference is large is the area where accidents are likely to happen, and positioning and recording are carried out through an RFID electronic tag on a duct piece. The detecting system and detecting method can detect a tunnel in an all-direction mode.