Seismic wavefield divergence at the free surface

2018 
This paper explores the concept of pressure measurements in a land seismic acquisition setting. We first review the theory for pressure measurements near the surface of the Earth and show the significance of the S-to-P conversion which results in the pressure being proportional to the sum of the slowness-scaled horizontal velocity fields. In the second part of this paper we test a land hydrophone prototype via a small-scale experiment to validate the pseudopressure measurement. Potential applications are briefly discussed. This study suggests that such a land hydrophone can potentially allow local and omni-directional noise attenuation, via adaptive subtraction using the pseudo-pressure data as noise model, and therefore can potentially allow sparser acquisition geometries with associated field effort and cost reduction.
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