A rock physics simulator and its application for CO2 sequestration process

ABSTRACT Injection of CO2 into underground saline formations, due to their large storage capacity, is probably the most promising approach for the reduction of CO2 emissions into the atmosphere. CO2 storage must be carefully planned and monitored to ensure that the CO2 is safely retained in the formation for periods of at least thousands of years. Seismic methods, particularly for offshore reservoirs, are the primary tool for monitoring the injection process and distribution of CO2 in the reservoir over time provided that reservoir properties are favourable. Seismic methods are equally essential for the characterisation of a potential trap, determining the reservoir properties, and estimating its capacity. Hence, an assessment of the change in seismic response to CO2 storage needs to be carried out at a very early stage. This must be revisited at later stages, to assess potential changes in seismic response arising from changes in fluid properties or mineral composition that may arise from chemical intera...