Prevalence and factors associated with poor sleep quality in inflammatory bowel disease outpatients.

INTRODUCTION Sleep disorders are common in general population and have obvious repercussions on quality of life. Poor sleep quality is associated to inflammatory activity and fatigue in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients. We aim to analyze the prevalence of poor sleep quality and the factors associated with it, in IBD outpatients. METHODS Observational and prospective study in which epidemiological, clinical and laboratory data have been collected from clinical records and patients who consecutively attended an outpatient clinic. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality index (PSQI), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) have been used to measure sleep quality, anxiety, depression, and physical activity, respectively. Treatment optimizations, hospital admissions or surgery have been prospectively verified 3 months after the baseline visit. RESULTS 102 patients have been included. 54.9% of them had poor sleep quality (PSQI score > 5). No association has been found between poor sleep quality and IBD-related variables like type of disease, UC extent, CD location or behavior, time from diagnosis, treatment, prior admissions or surgery, and laboratory values. Rotating night shifts job (OR 6,116, 95% CI 1,312-28,514); HAD score for depression (OR 1,125, 95% CI 1,062-1,490) and frequency (days per week) of vigorous physical activity (OR 0,783, 95% CI 0,619-0,991), have been independent predictors of poor sleep quality. Pittsburgh questionnaire score higher than 5 has not been significantly associated to treatment optimization in the total of patients (15.2% vs. 18.2%, P = 0.451), in UC patients (18.2% vs. 10.7%, p = 0.362), or in CD patients (12.5% vs. 25.9%, p = 0.198). CONCLUSIONS Poor sleep quality is present in more than half of IBD patients. Aspects not directly related to IBD are associated to poor sleep quality.