Main Factors Controlling Thermogenic Gas Accumulation in the Qaidam Basin of Western China

Natural gas resources in the Qaidam Basin are abundant and of various types. On the basis of the natural gas carbon isotope distribution characteristics, the western Qaidam Basin mainly comprises oil-type gas, whereas the northern margin of the basin primarily contains coal-type gas. These types are of thermal origin. Thermogenic natural gas has the same characteristics in terms of distribution regularities and main controlling factors of reservoir accumulation. In this study, geochemical, geophysical, geological, and basin simulations were comprehensively completed to investigate the thermogenic gas distribution and the main controlling factors of its accumulation in the Qaidam Basin. The distribution of oil and gas accumulation zones based on source rock maturity maps indicates that the oil is distributed in and near low-maturity to mature (0.5% 1.3%) source rock areas. The areas whe...