Process for the passivation of metal surfaces with aqueous compositions containing surfactants

Process for passivating a metal surface, in which a metal surface is contacted with an aqueous composition containing the following components: a) at least one polymer (X) soluble in water, comprising acidic groups, wherein the polymer (X) at least 0.6 mol acid / 100 g polymer groups; b) at least one surfactant of general formula (T1) in which R is a moiety to 18 carbon atoms, x is an integer from 2 to 12, and is an integer from 1 to 10 linear or branched with 8 alkyl , Rb is hydrogen or a linear or branched with 1 to 4 carbon atoms, Rc is hydrogen or a linear or branched alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, with the proviso that at least one of Rb remains or rc is not hydrogen; c) optionally at least one cosurfactant (T2); d) at least one solvent (L) containing at least 80% by weight of water; e) optionally at least one other component (K); finding the pH of the composition in the range of 0.5 to 5.