Влияние острой инъекции этанола на мезолимбическую систему дофамина свободноподвижных крыс

Alcohol is the third leading risk factor for disease in Russia and around the world. According to WHO, as a result of alcohol abuse, 2.5 million people die every year in the world, which is comparable to the population of a large city. Despite the development of science and medicine, the mechanisms for the development of alcohol dependence are not completely clear. Understanding these mechanisms will help create new approaches to the treatment of alcohol dependence. Today it is well known that the mesolimbic system of dopamine plays a key role in the formation of addictive disorders, in particular alcohol dependence. Fast-scan cyclic voltammetry (FSCV) is a widespread electrochemical method for detection of neurotransmitters such as dopamine. The advantages of this technics are a high temporal and spatial resolution that makes FSCV a powerful technique for detecting changing chemical concentrations in vivo. Using FSCV on freely moving animals, we demonstrated that electrical stimulation of the ventral tegmental area (VTA) triggers detectable dopamine release in the nucleus accumbens (NAcc). We showed that acute injection of ethanol (0,5g/kg) on freely moving rats produces a significant decrease in dopamine efflux in NAcc induced by electrical stimulation. Selective D2 DA autoreceptor antagonist raclopride significantly increased measured signal that indicated that the neurotransmitter release measured in the NAcc is dopaminergic but not noradrenergic.